It is a liquid at room temperature and pressure. Under ordinary conditions, chlorine is a yellowish-green gas. The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. So, if you divide the mass of an atom of any element by the mass of a carbon-12 atom, then multiply the result by 12, this gives you its atomic mass relative to carbon-12. Chlorine is atomic number 17 with element symbol Cl. The periodic table is a tabular array of the chemical elements organized by atomic number, from the element with the lowest atomic number, hydrogen, to the element with the highest atomic number, oganesson. The standard chosen is a form of carbon called carbon-12, the mass of which is defined to be exactly 12. It is rather awkward to conceive of and work with such small numbers, so a convention has been adopted in which the masses of atoms are related to a standard atomic mass. Why is this? Atoms are very small particles and so their masses are also very small. Due to its high reactivity, it is commonly found in nature bonded to many different elements. It is very reactive and is widely used for many purposes, such as as a disinfectant.
The molecular mass of water = (2 x 1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015.Īt this stage you may be wondering about units, and rightly so, but relative mass is actually a unitless quantity. Chemistry of Fluorine (Z9) The Manufacture of Chlorine Chlorine is a halogen in group 17 and period 3. The molecular mass of water = (atomic mass of hydrogen x 2) + atomic mass of oxygen. Water, H 2O, comprises two atoms of hydrogen (atomic mass 1.008) and one atom of oxygen (atomic mass 15.999).
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